THE ROAD BACK There is Hope. There is a Solution.
REFERENCES Bailey, L.B., Gregory, J.F., (1999). “Polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and other enzymes: metabolic significance, risks and impact on folate requirement.” J Nutr 129(5): 919-22. Bailey, L.B., Gregory, J.F., (1999). “Folate metabolism and requirements.” J Nutr 129(4): 779-82. Basile, V.S., Masellis, M., Potkin, S.G., Kennedy, J.L., Pharmacogenomics in schizophrenia: the quest for individualized therapy. Hum Mol Genet. 2002 Oct 1;11(20):2517-30 Blaisdell, J., Mohrenweiser, H., Jackson, Ferguson, J., Coulter, S., Chanas, S., Chanas, B., Xi, T., Ghanayem, B., Goldstein, J.A. Identification and functional characterization of new potentially defective alleles of human CYP2C19. Pharmacogenetics. 2002 Dec;12(9):703-11. Bosron, W.F., Ting-Kai, L., (1986). “Genetic polymorphism of human liver alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases, and their relationship to alcohol metabolism and alcoholism.” Hepatology 6(3): 502 – 510. Bradford, L.D., CYP2D6 allele frequency in European Caucasians, Asians, Africans and their descendants. Pharmacogenomics. 2002 Mar;3 (2):229-43. Brockmoller, J., et.al. Pharmacogenetic diagnosis of cytochrome P450 polymorphisms in clinical drug development and in drug treatment. Pharmacogenetics. 2000:1:125-51. Budziszewska B, Szymanska M, Leskiewicz M, Basta-Kaim A, Jaworska-Feil L, Kubera M, Jantas D, Lason W. The decrease in JNK- and p38-MAP kinase activity is accompanied by the enhancement of PP2A phosphate level in the brain of prenatally stressed rats. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2010 Apr;61(2):207-15. Carter CJ. Multiple genes and factors associated with bipolar disorder converge on growth factor and stress activated kinase pathways controlling translation initiation: implications for oligodendrocyte viability. Neurochem Int. 2007 Feb;50(3):461-90. Epub 2007 Jan 18. Review. Ceriello, A., Giugliano, D., Quatraro, A., Lefebvre, P.J., Anti-oxidants show an anti-hypertensive effect in diabetic and hypertensive subjects. Clin Sci 1991;81:739-42. Chang, T.K., et al. Enhanced cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide activation in primary human hepatocyte cultures: response to cytochrome P-450 inducers and autoinduction by oxazaphosphorines. Cancer Res 1997; 57(10):1946-54. Chango, A., Boisson, F., et al. (2000). “The effect of 677C-->T and 1298A-->C mutations on plasma homocysteine and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase activity in healthy subjects.” Br J Nutr 83(6): 593-6. Charradi K, Sebai H, Elkahoui S, Ben Hassine F, Limam F, Aouani E. Grape Seed Extract Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Heart Dysfunction by Preventing Cardiac Siderosis. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2011 Jan 14. Cheng, T., Zhu, Z., et al. (2001). “Effects of multinutrient supplementation on antioxidant defense systems in healthy human beings.” J Nutr Biochem 12(7): 388- 395. Chida, M., Yokoi, T., Fukui, T., Kinoshita, M., Yokota, J., Kamataki, T., Detection of three genetic polymorphisms in the 5’-flanking region and intron 1 of human CYP1A2 in the Japanese population. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1999 Sep;90(9):899-902 Chistyakov, D. A., Savost’anov, et al. (2001). “Polymorphisms in the Mn-SOD and EC-SOD genes and their relationship to diabetic neuropathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus.” BMC Med Genet 2(1): 4. Cosma, G., Crofts, F., et al. (1993). “Relationship between genotype and function of the human CYP1A1 gene.” J Toxicol Environ Health 40(2-3): 309-16. Cozza, K.L., Armstrong, S.C., Oesterheld, J.R., Drug Interaction principles for Medical Practice. American Psychiatric Publishing Inc. (2003) Chuang DM. Neuroprotective and neurotrophic actions of the mood stabilizer lithium: can it be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases? Crit Rev Neurobiol. 2004;16(1-2):83-90. Review. Das J et al. Acetaminophen induced acute liver failure via oxidative stress and JNK activation: protective role of taurine by the suppression of cytochrome P450 2E1. Free Radic Res. 2010; 44(3): 340-55. Gao N, Budhraja A, Cheng S, Yao H, Zhang Z, Shi X. Induction of apoptosis in human leukemia cells by grape seed extract occurs via activation of c-Jun NH2- terminal kinase. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jan 1;15(1):140-9. Ho, P.C., et al. Influence of CYP2C9 genotypes on the formation of a hepatotoxic metabolite of valproic acid in human liver microsomes. Pharmacogenomics J 2003; 3(6):335-42. Jeong SW, Kim LS, Hur D, Bae WY, Kim JR, Lee JH. Gentamicin-induced spiral ganglion cell death: apoptosis mediated by ROS and the JNK signaling pathway. Acta Otolaryngol. 2010 Jun;130(6):670-8. Lam, Y.W.F., Gaedigk, A., Ereshefsy, L., et al: CYP2D6 inhibition by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: analysis of achievable steady-state plasma concentrations and the effect of ultrarapid metabolism at CYP2D6. Pharmacotherapy 2002;22:1001-1006. Lichtenstein AH, Appel LJ, Brands M et al. Diet and lifestyle recommendations revision 2006: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee. Circulation, 2006; 114: 82-96. Lin CL, Lin JK. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) attenuates high glucose-induced insulin signaling blockade in human hepG2 hepatoma cells. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2008; 52(8): 930-9. Liu H, Xiao Y, Xiong C, Wei A, Ruan J. Apoptosis induced by a new flavonoid in human hepatoma HepG2 cells involves reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and MAPK activation. Eur J Pharmacol. 2011 Jan 15. Madhyastha R, Madhyastha H, Nakajima Y, Omura S, Maruyama M. Curcumin Facilitates Fibrinolysis and Cellular Migration during Wound Healing by Modulating Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Expression. Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb. 2010 Nov 12 Maheshwari A, Misro MM, Aggarwal A, Sharma RK, Nandan D. N-Acetyl-L- cysteine counteracts oxidative stress and prevents H(2) O(2) induced germ cell apoptosis through down-regulation of caspase-9 and JNK/c-Jun. Mol Reprod Dev. 2010 Dec 22. doi: 10.1002/mrd.21268. Moon et al. Inhibitory effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 cells. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007; 15(11): 2571-82. Pan J, Xiao Q, Sheng CY, Hong Z, Yang HQ, Wang G, Ding JQ, Chen SD. Blockade of the translocation and activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) attenuates dopaminergic neuronal damage in mouse model of Parkinson’s disease. Neurochem Int. 2009 Jun;54(7):418-25. Epub 2009 Jan 29. Ramerstorfer J, Furtmüller R, Sarto-Jackson I, Varagic Z, Sieghart W, Ernst M. The GABAA Receptor {alpha}+{beta}- Interface: A Novel Target for Subtype Selective Drugs. J Neurosci. 2011 Jan 19;31(3):870-7 Romier-Crouzet B, Van De Walle J, During A, Joly A, Rousseau C, Henry O, Larondelle Y, Schneider YJ. Inhibition of inflammatory mediators by polyphenolic plant extracts in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Jun;47(6):1221-30. Epub 2009 Feb 20. Spiliotaki M, Salpeas V, Malitas P, Alevizos V, Moutsatsou P. Altered glucocorticoid receptor signaling cascade in lymphocytes of bipolar disorder patients. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2006 Jul;31(6):748-60. Epub 2006 Apr 18. Stornetta RL, Zhu JJ. Ras and Rap Signaling in Synaptic Plasticity and Mental Disorders. Neuroscientist. 2010 Apr 29. Tian H, Zhang G, Li H, Zhang Q. Antio xidant NAC and AMPA/KA receptor antagonist DNQX inhibited JNK3 activation following global ischemia in rat hippocampus. Neurosci Res. 2003 Jun;46(2):191-7. Waltner-Low ME et al. Epigallocatechin gallate, a constituent of green tea, represses hepatic glucose production. J Biol Chem. 2002; 277(38): 34933-40. Wu H et al. JNK-dependent NFATc1 pathway positively regulates IL-13 gene expression induced by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in human basophilic KU812 cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009; 47(7): 1028-38. Wu N et al. Taurine prevents free fatty acid-induced hepatic insulin resistance in association with inhiditing JNK1 activation and improving insulin signaling in vitro. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010; 90(3): 288-90. Xie N, Wang C, Lin Y, Li H, Chen L, Zhang T, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Yin D, Chi Z. The role of p38 MAPK in valproic acid induced microglia apoptosis. Neurosci Lett. 2010 Sep 20;482(1):51-6. Epub 2010 Jul 16. Xu Y, Hou XY, Liu Y, Zong YY. Different protection of K252a and N-acetyl-L- cysteine against amyloid-beta peptide-induced cortical neuron apoptosis involving inhibition of MLK3-MKK7-JNK3 signal cascades. J Neurosci Res. 2009 Mar;87(4):918-27. Yaniv SP, Lucki A, Klein E, Ben-Shachar D. Dexamethasone enhances the norepinephrine-induced ERK/MAPK intracellular pathway possibly via dysregulation of the alpha2-adrenergic receptor: implications for antidepressant drug mechanism of action. Eur J Cell Biol. 2010 Sep;89(9):712-22. Zhang F, Lau SS, Monks TJ. The Cytoprotective Effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine against ROS-induced Cytotoxicity is Independent of its Ability to Enhance Glutathione Synthesis. Toxicol Sci. 2010 Dec 6.
The Road         Back
REFERENCES Bailey, L.B., Gregory, J.F., (1999). “Polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and other enzymes: metabolic significance, risks and impact on folate requirement.” J Nutr 129(5): 919-22. Bailey, L.B., Gregory, J.F., (1999). “Folate metabolism and requirements.” J Nutr 129(4): 779-82. Basile, V.S., Masellis, M., Potkin, S.G., Kennedy, J.L., Pharmacogenomics in schizophrenia: the quest for individualized therapy. Hum Mol Genet. 2002 Oct 1;11(20):2517-30 Blaisdell, J., Mohrenweiser, H., Jackson, Ferguson, J., Coulter, S., Chanas, S., Chanas, B., Xi, T., Ghanayem, B., Goldstein, J.A. Identification and functional characterization of new potentially defective alleles of human CYP2C19. Pharmacogenetics. 2002 Dec;12(9):703-11. Bosron, W.F., Ting-Kai, L., (1986). “Genetic polymorphism of human liver alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases, and their relationship to alcohol metabolism and alcoholism.” Hepatology 6(3): 502 – 510. Bradford, L.D., CYP2D6 allele frequency in European Caucasians, Asians, Africans and their descendants. Pharmacogenomics. 2002 Mar;3 (2):229- 43. Brockmoller, J., et.al. Pharmacogenetic diagnosis of cytochrome P450 polymorphisms in clinical drug development and in drug treatment. Pharmacogenetics. 2000:1:125-51. Budziszewska B, Szymanska M, Leskiewicz M, Basta-Kaim A, Jaworska- Feil L, Kubera M, Jantas D, Lason W. The decrease in JNK- and p38-MAP kinase activity is accompanied by the enhancement of PP2A phosphate level in the brain of prenatally stressed rats. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2010 Apr;61(2):207-15. Carter CJ. Multiple genes and factors associated with bipolar disorder converge on growth factor and stress activated kinase pathways controlling translation initiation: implications for oligodendrocyte viability. Neurochem Int. 2007 Feb;50(3):461-90. Epub 2007 Jan 18. Review. Ceriello, A., Giugliano, D., Quatraro, A., Lefebvre, P.J., Anti-oxidants show an anti-hypertensive effect in diabetic and hypertensive subjects. Clin Sci 1991;81:739-42. Chang, T.K., et al. Enhanced cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide activation in primary human hepatocyte cultures: response to cytochrome P-450 inducers and autoinduction by oxazaphosphorines. Cancer Res 1997; 57(10):1946-54. Chango, A., Boisson, F., et al. (2000). “The effect of 677C-->T and 1298A-->C mutations on plasma homocysteine and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase activity in healthy subjects.” Br J Nutr 83(6): 593-6. Charradi K, Sebai H, Elkahoui S, Ben Hassine F, Limam F, Aouani E. Grape Seed Extract Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Heart Dysfunction by Preventing Cardiac Siderosis. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2011 Jan 14. Cheng, T., Zhu, Z., et al. (2001). “Effects of multinutrient supplementation on antioxidant defense systems in healthy human beings.” J Nutr Biochem 12(7): 388-395. Chida, M., Yokoi, T., Fukui, T., Kinoshita, M., Yokota, J., Kamataki, T., Detection of three genetic polymorphisms in the 5’- flanking region and intron 1 of human CYP1A2 in the Japanese population. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1999 Sep;90(9):899-902 Chistyakov, D. A., Savost’anov, et al. (2001). “Polymorphisms in the Mn-SOD and EC-SOD genes and their relationship to diabetic neuropathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus.” BMC Med Genet 2(1): 4. Cosma, G., Crofts, F., et al. (1993). “Relationship between genotype and function of the human CYP1A1 gene.” J Toxicol Environ Health 40(2-3): 309-16. Cozza, K.L., Armstrong, S.C., Oesterheld, J.R., Drug Interaction principles for Medical Practice. American Psychiatric Publishing Inc. (2003) Chuang DM. Neuroprotective and neurotrophic actions of the mood stabilizer lithium: can it be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases? Crit Rev Neurobiol. 2004;16(1-2):83-90. Review. Das J et al. Acetaminophen induced acute liver failure via oxidative stress and JNK activation: protective role of taurine by the suppression of cytochrome P450 2E1. Free Radic Res. 2010; 44(3): 340-55. Gao N, Budhraja A, Cheng S, Yao H, Zhang Z, Shi X. Induction of apoptosis in human leukemia cells by grape seed extract occurs via activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jan 1;15(1):140- 9. Ho, P.C., et al. Influence of CYP2C9 genotypes on the formation of a hepatotoxic metabolite of valproic acid in human liver microsomes. Pharmacogenomics J 2003; 3(6):335-42. Jeong SW, Kim LS, Hur D, Bae WY, Kim JR, Lee JH. Gentamicin-induced spiral ganglion cell death: apoptosis mediated by ROS and the JNK signaling pathway. Acta Otolaryngol. 2010 Jun;130(6):670- 8. Lam, Y.W.F., Gaedigk, A., Ereshefsy, L., et al: CYP2D6 inhibition by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: analysis of achievable steady-state plasma concentrations and the effect of ultrarapid metabolism at CYP2D6. Pharmacotherapy 2002;22:1001-1006. Lichtenstein AH, Appel LJ, Brands M et al. Diet and lifestyle recommendations revision 2006: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee. Circulation, 2006; 114: 82-96. Lin CL, Lin JK. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) attenuates high glucose-induced insulin signaling blockade in human hepG2 hepatoma cells. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2008; 52(8): 930-9. Liu H, Xiao Y, Xiong C, Wei A, Ruan J. Apoptosis induced by a new flavonoid in human hepatoma HepG2 cells involves reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and MAPK activation. Eur J Pharmacol. 2011 Jan 15. Madhyastha R, Madhyastha H, Nakajima Y, Omura S, Maruyama M. Curcumin Facilitates Fibrinolysis and Cellular Migration during Wound Healing by Modulating Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Expression. Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb. 2010 Nov 12 Maheshwari A, Misro MM, Aggarwal A, Sharma RK, Nandan D. N-Acetyl-L- cysteine counteracts oxidative stress and prevents H(2) O(2) induced germ cell apoptosis through down-regulation of caspase-9 and JNK/c-Jun. Mol Reprod Dev. 2010 Dec 22. doi: 10.1002/mrd.21268. Moon et al. Inhibitory effect of (-)- epigallocatechin-3-gallate on lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 cells. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007; 15(11): 2571-82. Pan J, Xiao Q, Sheng CY, Hong Z, Yang HQ, Wang G, Ding JQ, Chen SD. Blockade of the translocation and activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) attenuates dopaminergic neuronal damage in mouse model of Parkinson’s disease. Neurochem Int. 2009 Jun;54(7):418-25. Epub 2009 Jan 29. Ramerstorfer J, Furtmüller R, Sarto- Jackson I, Varagic Z, Sieghart W, Ernst M. The GABAA Receptor malpha?+ebetaS- Interface: A Novel Target for Subtype Selective Drugs. J Neurosci. 2011 Jan 19;31(3):870-7 Romier-Crouzet B, Van De Walle J, During A, Joly A, Rousseau C, Henry O, Larondelle Y, Schneider YJ. Inhibition of inflammatory mediators by polyphenolic plant extracts in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Jun;47(6):1221-30. Epub 2009 Feb 20. Spiliotaki M, Salpeas V, Malitas P, Alevizos V, Moutsatsou P. Altered glucocorticoid receptor signaling cascade in lymphocytes of bipolar disorder patients. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2006 Jul;31(6):748-60. Epub 2006 Apr 18. Stornetta RL, Zhu JJ. Ras and Rap Signaling in Synaptic Plasticity and Mental Disorders. Neuroscientist. 2010 Apr 29. Tian H, Zhang G, Li H, Zhang Q. Antio xidant NAC and AMPA/KA receptor antagonist DNQX inhibited JNK3 activation following global ischemia in rat hippocampus. Neurosci Res. 2003 Jun;46(2):191-7. Waltner-Low ME et al. Epigallocatechin gallate, a constituent of green tea, represses hepatic glucose production. J Biol Chem. 2002; 277(38): 34933-40. Wu H et al. JNK-dependent NFATc1 pathway positively regulates IL-13 gene expression induced by (-)- epigallocatechin-3-gallate in human basophilic KU812 cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009; 47(7): 1028-38. Wu N et al. Taurine prevents free fatty acid-induced hepatic insulin resistance in association with inhiditing JNK1 activation and improving insulin signaling in vitro. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010; 90(3): 288-90. Xie N, Wang C, Lin Y, Li H, Chen L, Zhang T, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Yin D, Chi Z. The role of p38 MAPK in valproic acid induced microglia apoptosis. Neurosci Lett. 2010 Sep 20;482(1):51-6. Epub 2010 Jul 16. Xu Y, Hou XY, Liu Y, Zong YY. Different protection of K252a and N- acetyl-L-cysteine against amyloid-beta peptide- induced cortical neuron apoptosis involving inhibition of MLK3-MKK7-JNK3 signal cascades. J Neurosci Res. 2009 Mar;87(4):918-27. Yaniv SP, Lucki A, Klein E, Ben- Shachar D. Dexamethasone enhances the norepinephrine-induced ERK/MAPK intracellular pathway possibly via dysregulation of the alpha2-adrenergic receptor: implications for antidepressant drug mechanism of action. Eur J Cell Biol. 2010 Sep;89(9):712-22. Zhang F, Lau SS, Monks TJ. The Cytoprotective Effect of N-acetyl-L- cysteine against ROS-induced Cytotoxicity is Independent of its Ability to Enhance Glutathione Synthesis. Toxicol Sci. 2010 Dec 6.
Ativan     Celexa    Cymbalta     Depakote     Dilantin     Effexor     Elavil     Klonopin   Latuda     Lexapro     Neurotin     Paxil     Prozac     Trintelix     Seroquel     Trazodone     Remeron   Valium     Viibryd     Wellbutrin     Xanax     Zoloft